Home / GCP / GCP Training / Ref - Network Layers

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HTTP vs HTTPS vs TCP vs TLS vs UDP

Application Layer: (Layer 7)

• HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Stateless Request Response Cycle.
• HTTPS: Secure HTTP.
• SMTP: Email Transfer Protocol.
• FTP etc…

Transport Layer: (Layer 4)

• TCP (Transmission Control): Reliability > Performance.
• TLS (Transport Layer Security): Secure TCP.
• UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Performance > Reliability. Some applications (eg. video streaming) might use this network layer (UDP protocol) directly (skipping the application layer).

Network Layer: (Layer 3)

• IP (Internet Protocol): Transfer bytes. Unreliable.

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